Roger Williams, first pointed out the importance of biochemical individuality, and that we cannot use the hypothetical "normal person" to set nutritional guidelines and norms. In his many years of study, he demonstrated that we vary considerably in our ability to detoxify environmental toxins, metabolize our foods, and in our nutritional requirements. Only recently is it being appreciated that normal values for laboratory tests do not fit a specific person. Instead, we must rely on physiological or functional values, which take into account individual variability.